Which work of Charles Dickens is noted for its critique of the conditions in workhouses?

The work of Charles Dickens that is most noted for its critique of the conditions in workhouses is "Oliver Twist." This novel famously portrays the harsh realities faced by orphans in the 19th-century British workhouse system. Through the character of Oliver, Dickens highlights the cruel treatment of the poor and the inadequacies of social welfare at the time. The depiction of the workhouse serves as a poignant criticism of institutional neglect and the lack of compassion for the vulnerable in society. Oliver's struggles, coupled with the injustices he faces, underscore Dickens's advocacy for social reform and illuminate the broader societal issues related to poverty and child welfare.

In contrast, the other options do not primarily focus on workhouse conditions. "An American in Paris" is unrelated to Dickens; "David Copperfield" addresses personal and social issues but not specifically workhouses; and "A Christmas Carol" emphasizes themes of redemption and the responsibilities of generosity without a direct critique of workhouses. Thus, "Oliver Twist" stands out as the definitive work addressing the specific hardships within the workhouse system.