What tragic event occurs at the end of "A Farewell to Arms"?

In "A Farewell to Arms," the tragic climax is marked by the death of Catherine Barkley during childbirth. This event significantly impacts Frederic Henry, the protagonist, as it encapsulates the themes of loss, futility, and the brutality of war that permeate the novel. Catherine’s death represents a profound personal tragedy for Frederic, who has already endured the horrors of World War I and is seeking solace and meaning in love. Her death underscores the harsh reality of life and death in wartime, emphasizing the novel's exploration of human suffering and the unpredictability of fate. This moment also reflects the overarching sense of despair that accompanies the narrative, as Frederic realizes that even the most cherished aspects of life can be shattered in an instant. The other options, while they touch on critical aspects of the story, do not encapsulate the central tragic conclusion as poignantly as Catherine’s demise during childbirth.