What existential theme is explored through Bartleby in 'Bartleby the Scrivener'?

In "Bartleby the Scrivener," the existential theme that is most prominently explored through the character of Bartleby is alienation and inaction. Bartleby embodies a profound sense of isolation and disconnection from society and the work environment. His repeated phrase, "I would prefer not to," symbolizes his refusal to engage with the demands of his job and the expectations of the world around him. This passive resistance highlights his estrangement from both human connection and the societal structures that dictate behavior and purpose.

Through Bartleby's character, Herman Melville delves into the nature of existence and the impact of modernity on individual agency. His withdrawal from life’s responsibilities reflects a deeper philosophical inquiry into the meaning of choice, action, and the human condition. The themes of alienation resonate deeply, showcasing how Bartleby’s struggle reflects broader questions of existence faced by individuals in an increasingly mechanized and impersonal world. This sense of inaction and the resulting alienation serves as a compelling commentary on the limitations imposed upon individuals by society and the existential crisis that can arise from such constraints.