In "The Great Gatsby," what does the character Jay Gatsby primarily symbolize?

Jay Gatsby primarily symbolizes the American Dream and its excesses. His character embodies the pursuit of wealth, status, and the idealized vision of success that many associate with the American Dream. Gatsby's rise from humble beginnings to immense wealth represents the notion that anyone can achieve their dreams through hard work and determination. However, Fitzgerald illustrates the darker side of this dream through Gatsby's tragic pursuit of love and acceptance. Despite his extravagant lifestyle and lavish parties, Gatsby remains unfulfilled and ultimately doomed due to the unattainable nature of his desires—most notably his longing for Daisy Buchanan, who represents both his ideal and a reflection of the social barriers of the time.

The connection between Gatsby's wealth and his tragic fate serves as a critique of the American Dream, suggesting that while the dream promises opportunity, it can also lead to moral corruption and disillusionment. This symbolism is central to understanding the themes present in "The Great Gatsby," making it a powerful commentary on 1920s America and the complexities of aspiration and identity.